The Pegasus BT allows you to achieve all you need from a single sample run, while powerful and user-friendly ChromaTOF^® software processes your data and removes the guesswork involved with analyte identification, quantitation, and reporting. The Pegasus BT gives users more uptime, better data, and an increase in overall productivity and efficiency.

A time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOFMS) is ideal for discovering new compounds in your sample, quantifying targeted compounds in complex samples, and increasing throughput with fast chromatography.

... where the best sensitivity is needed. Unique and powerful software and hardware features simplify quantitation, while also dramatically making GC×GC easy-to-use and understand. Our thermal modulation system, the QuadJet™, is recognised as the gold standard in GC×GC modulation, providing the highest sensitivity available on the market - ideal for analysing the most complex samples.

One of the main advantages of LECO’s GC×GC-TOFMS is its ability to provide vastly improved peak capacity and resolution than traditional GC-MS systems. It also offers comprehensive information about the sample by separating compounds based on two different properties (volatility and polarity). Combining GC×GC with TOFMS is an ultimate solution for the analysis of complex samples.

This high-resolution mass spectrometer features industry leading mass accuracy, full mass range acquisition with exceptional speed, full mass range acquisition with exceptional speed, isotopic abundance and mass resolution, all available in a single injection.

Folded Flight Path^® (FFP^®) technology and a novel data acquisition system enables simultaneous resolutions of over 50,000 FWHM, mass accuracies less than 1 ppm, and acquisition rates up to 200 spectra/second, without the need to adjust tuning or parameters. Thus, facilitating rich analyte finding and high-confidence analyte identification.

... users are able to find more analytes than ever before and confidently identify unknown components.

The Pegasus GC-HRT+ 4D takes advantage of four dimensions of separation and resolution:

• 1^st dimension chromatographic resolution
• 2^nd dimension chromatographic resolution
• High mass resolution and exceptional mass accuracy
• High Resolution Deconvolution (HRD) from the leaders in deconvolution

ChromaTOF brand software, designed specifically for HRT⁺ instrumentation and GC×GC support, adds advanced qualitative and quantitative capabilities to an all-in-one user-friendly data system.

USP 1663 provides guidance on extractables testing and a variety of analytical approaches can meet compliance. High resolution MS is often considered necessary for identification of unknowns, and sample complexity and low-level detection continue to challenge these analyses. Here, we demonstrate a workflow that uses comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) with HR-TOFMS to help address these challenges.

Answer:
Gas chromatography separates components in a mixture by utilizing a thin silica tube coated with a stationary phase. The components, carried by a gas (the mobile phase), move at different speeds based on their affinities for the stationary phase. This differential migration leads to the separation of the components, allowing for their individual analysis and identification.

Alternative response:

• Gas chromatography is a technique for separating a mixture of volatile analytes
• The analytes are transported by a mobile phase (the carrier gas)
  • Become distributed between the mobile phase and a stationary phase
  • The Stationary Phase is attached to the inside of a very fine column
• Phases are typically characterised by their polarity
• A polar analyte will be retained by polar column for longer than a non-polar analyte
  • and vica versa

Answer:
LECO uses Agilent 8890 chromatography. The gas chromatograph includes the following features:

• Compatibility and perfect integration with the mass spectrometer
• Automatic regulation of gas flows
• Agilent supported inlets: Split/Splitless (SSL), Multimode (MMI), Programmable temperature Vaporizer (PTV) etc.
• Programmable oven, up to 450 °C
• Chromatograph compatible with Fast-GC
• The GC is completely controlled by and integrated into LECO’s ChromaTOF software

Answer:
The mass range of the Pegasus BT is from 10 to 1500 m/z. All masses are collected all the time, unlike quadrupole instruments that collect a single mass at a time (quadrupole scanning mode is single ion monitoring, SIM, quickly scanning across the mass range).

Answer:
GC×GC-TOFMS can detect discrepancies in the composition of food products, helping to expose fraudulent claims of Halal certification and ensure consumer confidence in authentic Halal products.

Answer:
By examining the chemical composition of inks and pigments, GC×GC-TOFMS provides insights into the materials used in Islamic calligraphy and manuscripts, aiding in their preservation and authentication. An example of similar work can be read in this publication on analysing the paints used by Leonardo Da Vinci.

Answer:
LECO’s GC×GC-TOFMS system utilizes two columns with different separation mechanisms, providing enhanced chromatographic resolution for the analysis of complex mixtures. In one dimension the analytes are separated by polarity, or according to boiling point. An additional dimension separates according to an alternative property, of which there are many. This results in a 3D image – the two dimensions of separation and the abundance of the analytes in the third dimension.

Answer:
LECO's StayClean^® ion source originates in the requirement for a fast source to match the speed of the TOFMS. Accomplished by reducing ion to ion interactions, such as with the walls of the source. The source was thus designed without walls – so there is nothing to clean. Massively reduced downtimes, especially for complex matrices and more reproducible results.

Answer:
Yes! With superior separation power and precision, LECO’s GC×GC-TOFMS system can uncover hidden details and confidently identify components, even in the most intricate mixtures:

• Increases detectability
• Removes analytes from matrix interference
• Separates co-elluting peaks
• Creates cleaner peaks, which match closer with libraries
• Creates structured chromatograms thus further improving identification confidence

Answer:
The cryogenic Quad Jet modulator consistently delivers reproducible quantitative results not only within the lab but also between labs worldwide. This is achieved because:

• There are two cold jets. So, eluent from the primary column does not flow into the secondary column by mistake
• The distance between cold zones is identical in every system worldwide, unlike other systems that require manual adjustment and intervention
• The modulation is completely computer controlled. This along with the 2 separate cold zones, allows for variable modulation periods in the same analysis, vastly improving separation across the chromatogram
• In the same way the primary column is temperature controlled in the primary oven, the secondary column is also independently controlled, allowing for total control of the chromatogram along the entire column setup

These four features not only improve separation and control, they are also unique to the LECO QuadJet.

Answer:
By combining comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) with high-speed, high-sensitivity time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS), LECO's GC×GC-TOFMS can separate and identify the complex mixtures of flavours and fragrances in food samples with detail and precision.

Answer:
Yes! LECO’s GC×GC-TOFMS is an excellent tool for non-intentionally added substances (NIAS) analysis in food safety. It allows for the comprehensive analysis of complex food samples, ensuring the detection and identification of potential contaminants and unwanted substances. For example, LECO’s MOSH/MOAH solution is widely recognised as the most comprehensive and rigorous analyser for mineral oil contamination in food stuffs.

Answer:
LECO’s GC×GC technology utilizes two stages of separation, significantly increasing resolution and analysis power compared to traditional gas chromatography. This allows for the detailed separation and identification of complex mixtures with unparalleled precision.

Answer:
LECO’s TOFMS technology offers excellent sensitivity, speed, and resolution in mass spectrometry. By fragmenting and ionizing analyte molecules and separating the fragments based on their mass-to-charge ratio, LECO's TOFMS enables highly accurate identification and detection of compounds in samples. The system not only records to a computer at high speed, it detects at a rate of 32,000 Hz thus producing a very high level of accuracy.

Answer:
GC×GC-TOFMS enables the analysis of dietary supplements for the presence of non-compliant ingredients, such as animal-derived gelatine, ensuring that the products meet the strict requirements of Halal certification.

Answer:
GC×GC-TOFMS is a valuable tool for monitoring air and soil quality near Islamic sacred sites, identifying pollutants that may pose a risk to their preservation and guiding conservation efforts. As an example, Imperial College London have utilised a LECO Pegasus BT 4D to identify microplastics in the air of London. You can read about it here.

Answer:
LECO’s GC×GC-TOFMS system utilizes Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (TOFMS), which provides high-speed detection of ionized compounds based on their mass-to-charge ratio.

Answer:
LECO provides software for data analysis, enabling compound identification, quantification, and other types of analysis based on the mass spectra obtained from the TOFMS.

Answer:
LECO’s StayClean ion source, a standard feature in every Pegasus BT GC-TOFMS and GC×GC-TOFMS system, flushes neutrals and contaminants continuously. This virtually eliminates the need for routine maintenance, allowing you to spend less time on upkeep and more time on your research.

Answer:
Sample handling is crucial in GC-MS analysis. LECO employs advanced sample handling robots called Autosamplers that can handle samples in three dimensions of space. These robots ensure precise and consistent sample preparation, ranging from simple liquid injections to complex processes like chemical reactions, extractions, and accurate dilutions.

Answer:
The first GC-MS was a GC-TOFMS developed in the 1950s. However, the technique was too powerful for data recording at the time. In the mid-1990s the first GC-TOFMS capable of recording the data for processing was developed by LECO. This breakthrough in fast GC-TOFMS technology allowed researchers and analysts to utilize the capabilities of GC-TOFMS for their analytical needs.

Answer:
By combining two-dimensional separation, robust ionization, and high-speed TOFMS detection, and patented deconvolution algorithms LECO's GC×GC-TOFMS system offers a powerful solution for analysing complex mixtures with enhanced resolution, sensitivity, and separation power.

Answer:
By analysing the chemical composition of materials used in ancient Islamic artifacts, GC×GC-TOFMS assists in determining their authenticity, providing valuable insights into historical and cultural heritage. The chemical composition of such artifacts are extremely complex so utilising multidimensional chromatography techniques with high speed TOFMS, a chemical profile can be created. Furthermore, LECO’s post processing software packages, ChromaTOF Tile and ChromaTOF Sync can identify differences between samples to compare artifacts and identify biomarkers.

The Pegasus BT allows you to achieve all you need from a single sample run, while powerful and user-friendly ChromaTOF^® software processes your data and removes the guesswork involved with analyte identification, quantitation, and reporting. The Pegasus BT gives users more uptime, better data, and an increase in overall productivity and efficiency.

A time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOFMS) is ideal for discovering new compounds in your sample, quantifying targeted compounds in complex samples, and increasing throughput with fast chromatography.

... where the best sensitivity is needed. Unique and powerful software and hardware features simplify quantitation, while also dramatically making GC×GC easy-to-use and understand. Our thermal modulation system, the QuadJet™, is recognised as the gold standard in GC×GC modulation, providing the highest sensitivity available on the market - ideal for analysing the most complex samples.

One of the main advantages of LECO’s GC×GC-TOFMS is its ability to provide vastly improved peak capacity and resolution than traditional GC-MS systems. It also offers comprehensive information about the sample by separating compounds based on two different properties (volatility and polarity). Combining GC×GC with TOFMS is an ultimate solution for the analysis of complex samples.

This high-resolution mass spectrometer features industry leading mass accuracy, full mass range acquisition with exceptional speed, full mass range acquisition with exceptional speed, isotopic abundance and mass resolution, all available in a single injection.

Folded Flight Path^® (FFP^®) technology and a novel data acquisition system enables simultaneous resolutions of over 50,000 FWHM, mass accuracies less than 1 ppm, and acquisition rates up to 200 spectra/second, without the need to adjust tuning or parameters. Thus, facilitating rich analyte finding and high-confidence analyte identification.

... users are able to find more analytes than ever before and confidently identify unknown components.

The Pegasus GC-HRT+ 4D takes advantage of four dimensions of separation and resolution:

• 1^st dimension chromatographic resolution
• 2^nd dimension chromatographic resolution
• High mass resolution and exceptional mass accuracy
• High Resolution Deconvolution (HRD) from the leaders in deconvolution

ChromaTOF brand software, designed specifically for HRT⁺ instrumentation and GC×GC support, adds advanced qualitative and quantitative capabilities to an all-in-one user-friendly data system.

USP 1663 provides guidance on extractables testing and a variety of analytical approaches can meet compliance. High resolution MS is often considered necessary for identification of unknowns, and sample complexity and low-level detection continue to challenge these analyses. Here, we demonstrate a workflow that uses comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) with HR-TOFMS to help address these challenges.

Answer:
Gas chromatography separates components in a mixture by utilizing a thin silica tube coated with a stationary phase. The components, carried by a gas (the mobile phase), move at different speeds based on their affinities for the stationary phase. This differential migration leads to the separation of the components, allowing for their individual analysis and identification.

Alternative response:

• Gas chromatography is a technique for separating a mixture of volatile analytes
• The analytes are transported by a mobile phase (the carrier gas)
  • Become distributed between the mobile phase and a stationary phase
  • The Stationary Phase is attached to the inside of a very fine column
• Phases are typically characterised by their polarity
• A polar analyte will be retained by polar column for longer than a non-polar analyte
  • and vica versa

Answer:
LECO uses Agilent 8890 chromatography. The gas chromatograph includes the following features:

• Compatibility and perfect integration with the mass spectrometer
• Automatic regulation of gas flows
• Agilent supported inlets: Split/Splitless (SSL), Multimode (MMI), Programmable temperature Vaporizer (PTV) etc.
• Programmable oven, up to 450 °C
• Chromatograph compatible with Fast-GC
• The GC is completely controlled by and integrated into LECO’s ChromaTOF software

Answer:
The mass range of the Pegasus BT is from 10 to 1500 m/z. All masses are collected all the time, unlike quadrupole instruments that collect a single mass at a time (quadrupole scanning mode is single ion monitoring, SIM, quickly scanning across the mass range).

Answer:
GC×GC-TOFMS can detect discrepancies in the composition of food products, helping to expose fraudulent claims of Halal certification and ensure consumer confidence in authentic Halal products.

Answer:
By examining the chemical composition of inks and pigments, GC×GC-TOFMS provides insights into the materials used in Islamic calligraphy and manuscripts, aiding in their preservation and authentication. An example of similar work can be read in this publication on analysing the paints used by Leonardo Da Vinci.

Answer:
LECO’s GC×GC-TOFMS system utilizes two columns with different separation mechanisms, providing enhanced chromatographic resolution for the analysis of complex mixtures. In one dimension the analytes are separated by polarity, or according to boiling point. An additional dimension separates according to an alternative property, of which there are many. This results in a 3D image – the two dimensions of separation and the abundance of the analytes in the third dimension.

Answer:
LECO's StayClean^® ion source originates in the requirement for a fast source to match the speed of the TOFMS. Accomplished by reducing ion to ion interactions, such as with the walls of the source. The source was thus designed without walls – so there is nothing to clean. Massively reduced downtimes, especially for complex matrices and more reproducible results.

Answer:
Yes! With superior separation power and precision, LECO’s GC×GC-TOFMS system can uncover hidden details and confidently identify components, even in the most intricate mixtures:

• Increases detectability
• Removes analytes from matrix interference
• Separates co-elluting peaks
• Creates cleaner peaks, which match closer with libraries
• Creates structured chromatograms thus further improving identification confidence

Answer:
The cryogenic Quad Jet modulator consistently delivers reproducible quantitative results not only within the lab but also between labs worldwide. This is achieved because:

• There are two cold jets. So, eluent from the primary column does not flow into the secondary column by mistake
• The distance between cold zones is identical in every system worldwide, unlike other systems that require manual adjustment and intervention
• The modulation is completely computer controlled. This along with the 2 separate cold zones, allows for variable modulation periods in the same analysis, vastly improving separation across the chromatogram
• In the same way the primary column is temperature controlled in the primary oven, the secondary column is also independently controlled, allowing for total control of the chromatogram along the entire column setup

These four features not only improve separation and control, they are also unique to the LECO QuadJet.

Answer:
By combining comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) with high-speed, high-sensitivity time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS), LECO's GC×GC-TOFMS can separate and identify the complex mixtures of flavours and fragrances in food samples with detail and precision.

Answer:
Yes! LECO’s GC×GC-TOFMS is an excellent tool for non-intentionally added substances (NIAS) analysis in food safety. It allows for the comprehensive analysis of complex food samples, ensuring the detection and identification of potential contaminants and unwanted substances. For example, LECO’s MOSH/MOAH solution is widely recognised as the most comprehensive and rigorous analyser for mineral oil contamination in food stuffs.

Answer:
LECO’s GC×GC technology utilizes two stages of separation, significantly increasing resolution and analysis power compared to traditional gas chromatography. This allows for the detailed separation and identification of complex mixtures with unparalleled precision.

Answer:
LECO’s TOFMS technology offers excellent sensitivity, speed, and resolution in mass spectrometry. By fragmenting and ionizing analyte molecules and separating the fragments based on their mass-to-charge ratio, LECO's TOFMS enables highly accurate identification and detection of compounds in samples. The system not only records to a computer at high speed, it detects at a rate of 32,000 Hz thus producing a very high level of accuracy.

Answer:
GC×GC-TOFMS enables the analysis of dietary supplements for the presence of non-compliant ingredients, such as animal-derived gelatine, ensuring that the products meet the strict requirements of Halal certification.

Answer:
GC×GC-TOFMS is a valuable tool for monitoring air and soil quality near Islamic sacred sites, identifying pollutants that may pose a risk to their preservation and guiding conservation efforts. As an example, Imperial College London have utilised a LECO Pegasus BT 4D to identify microplastics in the air of London. You can read about it here.

Answer:
LECO’s GC×GC-TOFMS system utilizes Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (TOFMS), which provides high-speed detection of ionized compounds based on their mass-to-charge ratio.

Answer:
LECO provides software for data analysis, enabling compound identification, quantification, and other types of analysis based on the mass spectra obtained from the TOFMS.

Answer:
LECO’s StayClean ion source, a standard feature in every Pegasus BT GC-TOFMS and GC×GC-TOFMS system, flushes neutrals and contaminants continuously. This virtually eliminates the need for routine maintenance, allowing you to spend less time on upkeep and more time on your research.

Answer:
Sample handling is crucial in GC-MS analysis. LECO employs advanced sample handling robots called Autosamplers that can handle samples in three dimensions of space. These robots ensure precise and consistent sample preparation, ranging from simple liquid injections to complex processes like chemical reactions, extractions, and accurate dilutions.

Answer:
The first GC-MS was a GC-TOFMS developed in the 1950s. However, the technique was too powerful for data recording at the time. In the mid-1990s the first GC-TOFMS capable of recording the data for processing was developed by LECO. This breakthrough in fast GC-TOFMS technology allowed researchers and analysts to utilize the capabilities of GC-TOFMS for their analytical needs.

Answer:
By combining two-dimensional separation, robust ionization, and high-speed TOFMS detection, and patented deconvolution algorithms LECO's GC×GC-TOFMS system offers a powerful solution for analysing complex mixtures with enhanced resolution, sensitivity, and separation power.

Answer:
By analysing the chemical composition of materials used in ancient Islamic artifacts, GC×GC-TOFMS assists in determining their authenticity, providing valuable insights into historical and cultural heritage. The chemical composition of such artifacts are extremely complex so utilising multidimensional chromatography techniques with high speed TOFMS, a chemical profile can be created. Furthermore, LECO’s post processing software packages, ChromaTOF Tile and ChromaTOF Sync can identify differences between samples to compare artifacts and identify biomarkers.